Pump.



No. 7|6,73|. l Patented Dec. 23, |902.

J. MAunEn.

PUMP.

l (Application Bled May 12, 1902.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet l.

TH: Nonals Pn-:ns o; Hero-mmc., wAsnINnToN. o. c.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

Ptented Deli. 23,1902.

J. MAURER.

PUMP

(Appleation ld May 12, 1902.)

Y Patented Dec. 23, |902. J. MAURER.

P U M P.

(Application tiled May 12, 1902.)

4 sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

nu. 7|s,73| 'Patented nec. 2s, |902.

.1. MAunEn.

PUMP.

(Application med my 12, 1902.;

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB MAURER, OF GENEVA,`SWITZERLAND.

PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 716,731, dated December 23, 1902.

application led May 12, 1902. i Serial No. 106,912. (No model.)

To wZZ whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, JACOB MAURER, manufacturer, of Geneva, Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvem ents in and Relating to Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

The invention consists of certain new and useful improvements in and relating to that class of pumps in which an explosion of a mixture of hydrocarburet and air is caused to directly expel a certain volume of water or other liquid into a suitable pipe or duct whereby the condensing of the explosive lgases which have produced that ,effect causes in turn a new volume of liquid to be admitted to the pump-chamber.

The improved pump comprises a bodyor main chamber provided with a suction-pipe and a discharge-pi pe and provided with suitablevalves, the explosionstaking place inv the said body or main chamber.

The invention further comprises a device for distributing the explosive mixture and for expelling the products resulting from the explosion, the said device being formed of a cylinder in which a piston is arranged, one face of which is intended to act upon the explosive mixture of gas and air and the other face is intended to expel the said products resulting from the explosion.

During the explosion of the mixture of Vgas and air and while the water or other liquid is being forced out ot the apparatus a volume of steam is produced in the body or main chamber of the pump, and the said steam augmente the volume of the residue which is to be expelled. To elect this, the pump is provided with a steamfoutlet connecting the body or main chamber in which the explosion takes place with the exterior and which may be shut off by means of a suitable valve. This valve is provided with suitable means for opening the same for an instant directly after the water has been forced out ofthe pump-body. At that moment the residue of the explosive mixture and the above-mentioned steam contained in the body or main chamber of the pump have a pressure greater than the atmosphere, and the gases escape from the apparatus until the pressure in the body or main chamber has diminished to that of the atmosphere,when the steam-outlet will 5 5, Fig. 2.

be shut automatically by the valve. At this point in the cycle the body or main chamber of the pump is placed into communication with an additional chamber, in which the piston, which is intended to expel the residue, has produced a partial vacuum. A further portion of the gases contained in the body or main chamber is then exhausted from the said body or main chamber into the said additional chamber, and during the next stroke the said piston expels from the apparatus a portion-of such exhausted gases.

In the drawings, Figure l is a central longitudinal section, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the mechanism acting upon the valve of the steam-valve. Fig. 4 is a side elevation ofa portion of the pump, showing the distributer of the mixture of gas and air and the lighting device. Fig. 5 is a section on line Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line 6 6 of Fig. 5.

In the construction shown, ot is the body 0r main chamber of the pump, on the top of which there is arranged an explosion-chamber b and which is connected to a suction-pipe c and a dischargepipe d and provided with suitable valves e and f, suction and discharge valves, respectively. The discharge-pipe OZ is connected with an air-chamberg,into which extends a pipe d2, connected to the pipe cZ, and by which the water or other liquid is con veyed to any place where it is to be pumped.

To the explosion-chamber b is affixed, by means of a suitable support, a cylinder h with piston t', which is intended to force the explosive mixture into the explosion-chamber and to expel the residue of the explosive mixture out of the apparatus. The piston t is actuated by any kind of motor by means of a crankshaft 7c, carrying a gear-wheel Z, meshing with a pinion Z', Fig. 3, which is rotated by the said motor. The wheel Z is further geared with a wheel Z2, iixed to a shaft m and having suitable cams for actuating certain valves, as will be hereinafter described.

Theexplosive mixture is stored in a supply-tank 13 and fed to the explosion-chamber by the aforesaid piston in the following manner: During the backward stroke of the piston the latter draws air into the cylinder, and during the forward stroke of the piston the IOC said air is forced into the explosion-cham ber Z) through a suitable channel, into which a certain quantity of hydrocarburet is injected. To effect this, the top of the cylinder is provided with an air-inlet valve l, Figs. 2 and 5, allowing the air to enter the said cylinder during the backward stroke of the piston and preventing its escape during the forward stroke of the piston. A channel l0 leads the air which is expelled out ot' the cylinder into a pipe 11, and the said pipe 11 is provided with suitable Wire-ganzes 14, upon which the hydrocarburet from the tank 13 is projected through a tube 12, and the latter is provided with a suitable valve 15 to prevent the air passing from the cylinder into the tube 12. The tube 11 opens above the valve 2, Fig. 5, which is closed during the backward travel of the piston, preventing the residue from the explosive mixture from being sucked back into the cylinder. The said valve is mounted over a portion Z9 of the igniting-chamber n, placed above the explosion-chamber b. The ignition occurs in the said portion Z1 of the igniting-chamber, and to prevent the water from coming in contact with the igniting dedrawn into the apparatus the said portion b of the igniting-chamber is not in direct communication with the interior of the explosion-chamber b, but it is connected with the same by means of a curved channel b3. This curved channel h3 is provided with vertical cross-walls B13, Fig. 1, intended to prevent the Water from being projected from the chamber h3 into the chamber Z9.

The igniting device is formed of a box o, Figs. 4 and 5, fixed upon the ignition-chamber and extending into the chamber n. The bottom of the said box o is provided with an opening 0',Which coincides with a corresponding aperture o2 in a slide or shutter 03, fixed to a rocker-shaft o4, which has an arm o5, acted upon by means of a spring tending to keep the said opening o closed. The a-perture o2 of the sleeve or shutter o3 is caused to come in line with the opening o at the proper time for ignition by means of an arm 06,(ixed to the axis m, so as to act upon the arm 05.

The apparatus is provided with any suitable device for effecting the ignition of the explosive mixture. I have shown a gas pipe and burner 16 to project a flame against the bottom of the said box o to cause the ignition of the explosive mixture whenever the openings 0 and o2 coincide. The said liame is also employed to heat the portion of the tube 11 in which the hydrocarburet is to be gasiied.

3 is the valve for the escapement of a portion of the residue which remains inthe body or main chamber of the apparatus after the expulsion of the water. The said valve 3 is fixed upon the ignition-chamber and is connected with the explosion-chamber b through the chamber b2, Fig. 5. As shown in Fig. 3, the opening and closing of the said valve 3 is caused by means of a cam Z3, fixed to a wheel Z2. The opening of the said valve 3 after the expulsion of the water from the body'or main chamber of the apparatus is caused by a projection A on the said cam Z3. Another projection B of the said cam is employed to open the valve 3'during the introduction of the explosive mixture into the explosion-chamber b, so as to allow the latter to expel from the said chamber b a portion of the residue of the previous explosion which may have been brought back approximately to the atmospheric pressure by the water sucked into the body or main chamber after the expulsion of the gases. The recess C of the cam Z3 is employed to keep the valve 3 closed during the explosion, and the space D,Where said cam Z3 is discontinued, causes the valve 3 to remain closed during the exhaust of explosive gaseswhich is caused by the piston t' and the suction of water in the body or main chamber. The exhaust which occurs during this last vperiod is elfected by a tank p, in which the piston 'L' has first produced a partial vacuum and. which at the beginning of this period is placed into communication with the explosion-chamber b by the opening of the valve 4. The opening and closing of this said valve 4 is effected by means of a cam fixed to the shaft m. The channel p, which connects the tank p to the valve 4, has a branch p2, by means of which the said tank is connected to a valve 5,placed on the back of the cylinder. This valve 5 allows the piston to draw into the cylinder a portion of the gases contained in the said tank and to expel the same from the apparatus during the following stroke of the piston through the channel p3, which is closed during the suction period by the valve 6.

The working of the apparatus is substantially as follows: Supposing the body or main chamber a of the apparatus to be filled with water and the piston Z to be in its extreme backward position, the piston moving forward Will force the air contained from the front portion of the cylinder h, and the said air will be carbureted on its passage through the tube 11 and Will enter the explosion-chamber b through the valve 2 and the portion b' of the ignition-chamber. During this operation the valve 3 is open and allows the explosive mixture to .fill the whole explosion-chamber Without compression. While the face of the piston forces the explosive mixture into the explosion-chamber the back face of the same produces a partial vacuum in the tank p, the valve 4 being closed. When the piston t' reaches the end of its forward stroke, the valve 3 is closed, and the opening o2 of the slide or shutter of the igniting device coincides with the opening o', and the explosive mixture is ignited and the water contained in the body or main chamber@ is forced into the discharge-pipe. As soon as this has taken place the valve 3 is opened momentarily, allowing part of the gases remaining from the explosion and the steam to escape from the explosion-chamber b.

When the valve 3 has IOO IIO

been closed again, the valve 4 opens and a portion of the gases still remaining in the explosion-chamber is drawn into the tank lo, and while the portion of theresiduepasses into the tank p the remaining steamis condensed and createsa vacuum in the body or main chamber, which, together with the pressure in the suction-pipe, causes the water or other liquid to rush into the body or main chamber until the same is filled again. During this period of expulsion of the residue of gases and of reilling of the pump the pistoni has traveled its full return stroke, during which its back face has expelled the gases which it had drawn out of'the tank 1o on the previous stroke and its face has drawn into the front portion of the cylinder a volume of air which is intended to be carbureted and pressed into the explosion chamber, thus completing the cycle.

I claim as my invention- I. In a pump, the combination with a main chamber, a suction-pipe, a discharge-pipe, a suction-valve and a discharge-valve, of an explosion chamber connected with and 'secured to the said main chamber, a cylinder, a piston within said cylinder, means whereby during its travel in one direction the said piston forces an explosive mixture into said explosion-chamber, means for igniting said explosive mixture, means for momentarily exhausting a portion of the gases resulting from the explosioninto the atmosphere, a condensing-tank, means for removing the residue from the explosion-chamber to the said tank, and means for passing the condensed gases through the said cylinder and from the apparatus, substantially as specied.

2. In a pump, the combination with a main chamber, a suction-pipe, a discharge-pipe, an airchamber connected thereto, a suction- Valve and a discharge-valve, of an explosionchamber connected with and secured to the said main chamber, a cylinder, a piston Within said cylinder, means for admitting air to one end of the cylinder during the backward stroke of the piston, a storage-tank for the explosive mixture, a passage from the said tank to the explosion-chamber through which v Witnesses:

explosion into the atmosphere, a condensingtank, means for removing the residue from the explosion-chamber to said tank,and means for passing the condensed gases through the said cylinder and from the apparatus, substantially as specified.

3. In a pump, the combination with a main' chamber, a suction-pipe, a discharge-pipe, an air-chamber'connected thereto, a suctionvalve and a discharge-valve, of an explosionchamber connected with and secured to the said main chamber, a cylinder adjacent to said explosion-chamber, a piston within said cylinder, a piston-rod, a shaft, a connectingrod for actuating said piston, means for admitting air to one end of the cylinderduriug the backward stroke of the piston, a storagetank for the explosive mixture, a passage from the said tank to the explosion-chamber through which air` is forced by the forward travel of the piston and thereby carbureted before en tering the explosion-chamber, means `for igniting the explosive mixture, a valve between the explosion-chamber and the at-` mosphere, a valve between the explosionchamber and said passage from the supplytank for hydrocarbon, a valve between the explosion-chamber and the said tank, arms secured to said valves, and cams upon the said shaft and adapted toactuate the said arms to operate the said valves to perform the functions of the apparatus, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

, JACOB MAURER.

E. IMER SCHNEIDER, L. H. MUNIER. 

